Raspberry Pi include a powerful ARM processor, RAM, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet, USB ports, an HDMI port, and an SD card slot. Its standout feature is the 40-pin GPIO header, which allows for connection to external hardware and is crucial for robotics, home automation, and other projects. Raspberry Pi is known for being low-cost, small, and versatile, making it ideal for educational use, prototyping, and building custom devices.